Do I ned to file a tax return this year?

Do I ned to file a tax return this year? in a Health Insur- ance Marketplace plan, you’ll need to file.

Dear Savvy Senior, What are the IRS income tax filing re- quirements for retirees this tax season? I didn’t file a tax return the past two years because my income was below the filing threshold, but I got a part-time job late last year, so I’m wondering if I’m required to file this year.

SAVVY SENIOR

And so, for all who didn’t get to see him lead Denver to its first Super Bowl appear- ance after the 1977 regular season (including infants who grew up to be ardent Broncos fans and, presum- ably, Gradishar admirers), let me acquaint you with the city’s newest member of the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

You’ll also need to file if you’re receiving Social Security benefits, and one-half of your benefits plus your other gross income and any tax-exempt interest exceeds $25,000, or $32,000 if you’re married and filing jointly.

Retired Worker

Dear Retired, Whether or not you are required to file a federal income tax return this year will depend on how much you earned last year (in 2023), as well as the source of the income, your age and filing status.

Five players from that ’74 draft preceded Gradishar to Canton: Steelers Lynn Swann, Jack Lambert, John Stallworth and Mike Webster (four HOFers in one draft!), and Raiders tormentor Dave Casper. All were chosen after him.

BY JIM MILLER

Here’s a rundown of this tax season’s IRS tax filing requirement thresholds.

Gradishar was a three- year starter at linebacker for the Ohio State Buckeyes of coach Woody Hayes, whose own gilded legacy was tarnished by an unfor- tunate sideline incident late in his illustrious, if some- times bombastic, career.

To figure all this out, the IRS offers an online tax tool that asks a series of questions that will help you determine if you’re required to file or if you should file because you’re due a refund. It takes less than 15 minutes to complete.

For most people, this is pretty straight- forward. If your 2023 gross income – which includes all taxable income, not counting your Social Security benefits, unless you are married and filing sepa- rately – was below the threshold for your filing status and age, you probably won’t have to file. But if it’s over, you will.

Gradishar joined the Broncos following their first winning season in his- tory—7-5-2, good for third place in their division, in 1973.

You can access this tool at IRS.gov/ Help/ITA – click on “Do I Need to File a Tax Return?” Or you can get assistance over the phone by calling the IRS helpline at 800-829-1040.

“The best linebacker I ever coached,” Hayes once said of his consensus first- team All-America in 1972 and unanimous first-team All-America in 1973. “No more outstanding young

Single: $13,850 ($15,700 if you’re 65 or older by Jan. 1, 2023).

He became a starter mid- way through his rookie sea- son and, by 1976, was the centerpiece of what came to be known as Denver’s “Orange Crush” defense.

Married filing jointly: $27,700 ($29,200 if you or your spouse is 65 or older; or $30,700 if you’re both over 65).

Check your state Even if you’re not required to file a federal tax return this year, don’t as- sume that you’re also excused from filing state income taxes. The rules for your state might be very different. Check with your state tax agency before concluding that you’re entirely in the clear. For links to state tax agencies, see Taxadmin.org/ fta-members .

Married filing separately: $5 at any age.

During his 10 years in orange and blue, Den- ver won 83, lost 55 and tied one, and went to the playoffs four times.

Head of household: $20,800 ($22,650 if 65 or older).

Qualifying surviving spouse: $27,700 ($29,200 if 65 or older).

To get a detailed breakdown on fed- eral filing requirements, along with information on taxable and nontaxable income, call the IRS at 800-829-3676 and ask them to mail you a free copy of the “1040 and 1040-SR Instructions for Tax Year 2023,” or you can see it online at IRS.gov/pub/irs-pdf/i1040gi.pdf .

Tax preparation help If you find that you do need to file a tax return this year, you can free file through the IRS at IRS.gov/FreeFile if your 2023 adjusted gross income was below $79,000.

Forty years later he remains tied for 11th in pass in- terceptions, all-time, with 20. Of note, the 10 players ahead of him all got theirs as either safe- ties or cor- nerbacks, who are expected to rack up PIs.

Or, if you need some help, contact the Tax Counseling for the Elderly (or TCE) program. Sponsored by the IRS, TCE provides free tax preparation and counseling to middle and low-income taxpayers, age 60 and older. Call 800- 906-9887 or visit IRS.treasury.gov/ freetaxprep to locate services near you.

Check here too Be aware that there are other financial situations that can require you to file a tax return, even if your gross income falls below the IRS filing requirements. For example, if you earned more than $400 from self-employment in 2023, owe any taxes on an IRA, Health Savings Account or an alternative minimum tax, or get premium tax credits because you, your spouse or a dependent is enrolled

You can also get tax preparation as- sistance through the AARP Foundation Tax-Aide service. Call 888-227-7669 or visit AARP.org/findtaxhelp for more information. You don’t have to be an AARP member to use this service.

Jim Miller is a contributor to the NBC Today show and author of “The Savvy Senior” book.

n 1859, Jules Beni, a French trader, established Jules- burg as a trading post along the South Platte River in the northeastern corner of Colorado. From the beginning, this was an important stop along the Overland Trail, although the trail only crossed this small section of what would become Colorado. Yet the north/south fork of the Overland trail occurred at Julesburg, making it a strategic supply point. The north trail followed the North Platte River through Wyoming to South Pass, on into Califor- nia and Oregon. The southern trail followed the South Platte River to the early settlement of Denver City. As traffic increased along the route Fort Rankin was constructed nearby to protect the travelers from the often roaming Indian raids.

Warring Indians sacking Julesberg settlement.

Photo courtesy of Denver Public Library

at their leave to plunder the area. Barrels of flour, sugar, and molasses were taken, as well as sacks of cornmeal, beans, sides of bacon and canned goods. Both Charles and George Bent, members of the Cheyenne Dog Soldiers, and sons of the famed fort owner, William Bent, participated in the raid. George later recalled the plundering, saying the Indians did not understand things in a can, and were disgusted when George opened a can of oysters and slurped down the contents. Bent also recounted the discovery of green paper by the Indians. Not knowing it was federal cur- rency, they threw it aside, at which point Bent, who knew all too well the value of the money, scurried to scoop it up. George Bent also found a new soldier’s uniform, which he took and proudly wore in future Indian raids.

And for a time, the U.S. Army prevailed in raids of their own, such as Summit Springs, and Beecher Island. This did not end the Indian wars in Colo- rado or the West until 1876, in Montana, at a place known as the Battle of the Little Big Horn.

Following the brutal massa- cre of innocent Cheyenne and Arapaho Indians at the peaceful Indian camp in southeastern Colorado known as Sand Creek, in November 1864, the Plains Indians formed an alliance for war and revenge, the likes of which the western settlers had never experienced, culminating with the 1876 massacre known as the Battle of the Little Big Horn.

Following the Sand Creek massacre, Indian war councils were held and concluded, preparations for raids along the Platte River were made, including a massive raid at the town of Julesburg, Colo. The immediate concern was fortification of supplies.

A short time later the women, led by Mo-chi, entered the fray with packhorses and began loading the goods onto the animals. As the war- riors began to leave the scene, Mo-chi busied herself with herding the captured horses.

“The tradition of the war pipe, when necessary, was sent out in the spring, but after the slaughter at Sand Creek, the war pipe went out in the winter, this was early December. To my knowledge, from the old ones, never before had the war pipe been sent in the time of winter until after Sand Creek,” said John L. Sipes, Cheyenne Nation historian.

Meanwhile, with the plundering of Jules- burg in progress, the pursuing soldiers who had followed the decoys, amazingly (perhaps in confusion,) had dismounted and staged a counter fight. The warriors pounced on the soldiers, killing 15, including a bugler, who many warriors first counted coup on. When Old Crow made the final attack of death, Cheyenne warrior Medicine Water took the bugler’s horse as his prize. The victorious warriors made their way to the retreating group, where Medicine Water turned his prize horse loose with Mo- chi’s horse herd.

Following several small raids along the Platte River, the massive Julesburg raid occurred in Jan- uary 1865. More than 1,000 warriors of Cheyenne, Sioux and Arapaho made the attack. Included in this war party were the many women who traveled with the group, herding the extra horses needed to carry the supplies obtained back to their camp. Among these women was Mo-chi, a survivor of Sand Creek, who insisted on helping her people in whatever way she could. She would prove herself worthy.

The Indians retreated from Julesburg for a time, and the U.S. Army responded. Within 30 days of the Julesburg attack, the U.S. Army sent added troops to guard stage stops and various trails, including the Overland Trail. The Indians responded by simply changing tactics and destinations; the raids continued. Jules- burg was raided again, burned to the ground, and the town relocated, two miles north of the army post. The town of Julesburg would move two more times, unprecedented in Colorado history.

It was an incredible attack; thoughtfully planned and executed brilliantly. The collective warriors, led by the Cheyenne Dog Soldiers, approached the bluff above Julesburg, hiding in the sand hills. It was a crisp cold night, yet it mattered not. Most of the warriors were deep in thought and prepara- tion. The warriors readied their lances, shields, bows and arrows. Only a few had firearms. At sun- rise on Jan. 7, 1865, a separate group of warriors, led by Big Crow, quietly approached Fort Rankin and rushed the guards outside the fort walls. The soldiers returned fire and then the gates of the compound opened with over 40 mounted soldiers in pursuit of the Indian war party. The decoy worked perfectly.

The Indian raids continued along the vari- ous overland stage routes, eventually forcing famed overland stage owner, Ben Holladay to near bankruptcy. By 1868, the U.S. government became convinced that peace negotiations were needed once again. Successful at first, Jules- burg and most of Colorado Territory were spared from further Indian raids.

Soon the Indian scouts sent the signal and the hidden warriors converged upon the fort and nearby settler quarters. With the soldiers away in pursuit of the decoys, the remaining warriors were

This historical marker, highlighting the history of Julesberg, was erected in 1931.

Do I ned to file a tax return this year?

Patrick Henry Sweeney

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